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KMID : 1001320170440030125
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Social Welfare Policy
2017 Volume.44 No. 3 p.125 ~ p.162
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Unemployment Protection Systems Before and After the Economic Crisis in 18 OECD Countries
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Nahm Jae-Wook
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Abstract
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This study aims to classify unemployment protection systems of 18 OECD countries by 9 types and explore institutional changes caused by global economic crisis after 2008. The results are following. Firstly, unemployment protection systems in OECD countries have shown considerable varieties by countries in spite of the affinities between types in welfare regimes and unemployment protection systems. Continental and Mediterranean countries are mostly in the `dualized` type, but France has changed towards the liberal way, some countries towards the social democratic way. Social democratic countries invest highly in activation in common, but there are varieties in the level of income protection. Liberal countries are commonly in `residual` or `workfare` type. The qualitative changes in unemployment protection have occurred in 7 countries after the crisis. Among them, changes in the USA, Ireland, and the UK seemed to be based on the economic crisis whereas changes in other four countries have been based on their longer-term tendencies. The direction of common unemployment protection changes after the crisis have been cutbacks, dualization, and workfare. This means the corresponding policies of welfare states to the economic crisis have been influenced more by fiscal restraint than by social needs.
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KEYWORD
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unemployment protection system, unemployment benefits, activation policy, dualization, workfare, fuzzy-set ideal type analysis
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